Thursday, November 4, 2010

How to install unity in ubuntu 10.04/10.10

Install unity in ubuntu 10.04/10.10

Open the terminal and run one of the following command
$sudo apt-get install ubuntu-netbook
or
$sudo apt-get install unity
after logging out you will be able to choose Ubuntu Netbook Edition

Apart from this you can expect unity in Ubuntu 11.04 alpha1

Speed Up Firefox web browser for Fedora / Ubuntu /CentOS /Windows

Mozilla Firefox is a graphical web browser developed by the Mozilla Corporation. Started as a fork of the browser component (Navigator) of the Mozilla Application Suite, Firefox has replaced the Mozilla Suite as the flagship product of the Mozilla project, stewarded by the Mozilla Foundation and a large community of external contributors.
Mozilla Firefox is a cross-platform browser, providing support for various versions of Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Although not officially released for certain operating systems, the freely available source code works for many other operating systems, including FreeBSD,OS/2, Solaris, SkyOS, BeOS and more recently, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition.
I am providing some Very Useful Tips to speedup your Firefox.
In your location bar, type about:config
Once it Opens You should see similar to the following screen

Tip1
In the filter bar type network.http.pipelining
You should see the following screen

Normally it says ” false ” under value field , Double click it so it becomes ” true “.
Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip2
In the filter bar again and type network.http.pipelining.maxrequests
Once it Opens You should see the following screen

Default it says 4 under value field and you need to change it to 8
Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip3
Go to the filter bar again and type network.http.proxy.pipelining
Once it Opens You should see similar to the following screen

Normally it says ” false ” under value field , Double click it so it becomes ” true “.
Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip4
Go to the filter bar again and type network.dns.disableIPv6
Once it Opens You should see the following screen

Normally it says ” false ” under value field , Double click it so it becomes ” true “.
Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip5
Go to the filter bar again and type plugin.expose_full_path
Once it Opens You should see the following screen

Normally it says ” false ” under value field , Double click it so it becomes ” true “.
Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip6
Now you need to Create new Preference name with interger value for this got to Right click -> New -> Integer

Once it opens you should see the following screen

Here you need to type nglayout.initialpaint.delay and click ok

Now you need to enter 0 in value filed and click ok

Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip7
Now you need to Create one more Preference name with interger value for this got to Right click -> New -> Integer

Once it opens you should see the following screen

Here you need to type content.notify.backoffcount and click ok

Now you need to enter 5 in value filed and click ok

Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Tip8
Now you need to Create one more Preference name with interger value for this got to Right click -> New -> Integer

Once it opens you should see the following screen

Here you need to type ui.submenuDelay and click ok

Now you need to enter 0 in value filed and click ok

Once you finished this you should see the following screen.

Some more Tweaks
Enable the spellchecker for inputfields and textareas (default is textareas only)
layout.spellcheckDefault=2
Open lastfm://-links directly in amarok
network.protocol-handler.app.lastfm=amarok
network.protocol-handler.external.lastfm=true
Firefox Memory Leak Fix
Open a new tab. Type “about:config” without quotes into the address bar and hit enter/click Go.
Right-click anywhere, select New, then Integer. In the dialog prompt that appears, type:
browser.cache.memory.capacity
Click OK. Another dialog prompt will appear. This is where you decide how much memory to allocate to Firefox. This depends on how much RAM your computer has, but generally you don’t want to allocate too little (under 8MB), but if you allocate too much, you might as well not do this. A good recommended setting is 16MB. If you want 16MB, enter this value into the dialog prompt:
16384
(Why 16384 instead of 16000? Because computers use base-12 counting. Thus 16 megabytes = 16384 bytes. Likewise, if you want to double that and allocate 32MB, you’d enter 32768.)
Click OK to close the dialog box, then close all instances of Firefox and restart. If your Firefox still uses the same amount of memory, give it a few minutes and it should slowly clear up. If that fails, try a system reboot.
Now your Firefox will now be 3 - 30 times faster in loading pages.


Wednesday, November 3, 2010

Upgrade From Fedora 13 To Fedora 14 Desktop & Server

The commands in this article must be executed with root privileges. Open a terminal (on a Fedora 13 desktop, go to Applications > System Tools > Terminal) and log in as root, or if you log in with a regular user, type
su
to become root.

2 Upgrading To Fedora 14 (Desktop)

First we must upgrade the rpm package:
#yum update rpm
Then we install the latest updates:
#yum -y update
Next we clean the yum cache:
#yum clean all
If you notice that a new kernel got installed during yum -y update, you should reboot the system now:
reboot
(After the reboot, log in as root again, either directly or with the help of)
#su

Now we come to the upgrade process.


Install preupgrade...
#yum install preupgrade
... and call it like this:
#preupgrade
The preupgrade wizard will then start on your desktop. Select Fedora 14 (Laughlin). Afterwards the system is being prepared for the upgrade.
At the end, click on the Reboot Now button.
During the reboot, the upgrade is being performed. This can take quite a long time, so please be patient.
Afterwards, you can log into your new Fedora 14 desktop.

3 Upgrading To Fedora 14 (Server)

First we must upgrade the rpm package:
#yum update rpm
Then we install the latest updates:
#yum -y update
Next we clean the yum cache:
#yum clean all
If you notice that a new kernel got installed during yum -y update, you should reboot the system now:
reboot
(After the reboot, log in as root again, either directly or with the help of)
#su

Now we come to the upgrade process. We can do this with preupgrade.
Install preupgrade...
#yum install preupgrade
... and call it like this:
#preupgrade-cli
It will show you a list of releases that you can upgrade to. If all goes well, it should show something like Fedora 14 (Laughlin) in the list:
[root@rajat-fc ~]# preupgrade-cli
Loaded plugins: blacklist, whiteout
No plugin match for: rpm-warm-cache
No plugin match for: remove-with-leaves
No plugin match for: auto-update-debuginfo
Loaded plugins: presto, refresh-packagekit
please give a release to try to pre-upgrade to
valid entries include:
   "Fedora 14 (Laughlin)"
[root@rajat-fc ~]#
To upgrade, append the release string to the preupgrade-cli command:
preupgrade-cli "Fedora 14 (Laughlin)"
Preupgrade will also take care of your RPMFusion packages, so all you have to do after preupgrade has finished is to reboot:
#reboot
During the reboot, the upgrade is being performed. This can take quite a long time, so please be patient. Afterwards, you can log into your new Fedora 14 server.

Tuesday, November 2, 2010

Clone RedHat / Cent OS / Fedora Bare Metal Recovery

Clonesys is a Shell script that can be used to create an ISO image of your Linux system. It is not another tool that backup users files but a tool that can recreate "ex nihilo" a similar system on another hardware.

#wget http://www.trickytools.com/downloads/clonesys-1.4.0.tgz
#tar xvzf clonesys-1.4.0.tgz
#cd clonesys-1.4.0
#sh clonesys.sh
STEP 1: Configuration Summary:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameters used for Image Creation:
Prompt before executing commands: n
Clean Directories before creating the backup files: y
Temporary Files Location: /tmp/clonesys
Save the Ext2 Extended Attributes (lsattr): n
Save the Extended Attributes (getfattr): n
Save the ACL (getfacl): n
Use "star" instead of "tar": y
Boot Loader method: grub
RAID Management Method: none
Filename that contains additional kernel modules to include: moremodules.list
Build a Single Image: n
    Archive Maximum Size: 650 MB
    Tar Archive Slice Size: 50 MB
ISO Image Name: /tmp/clonesys.iso
Burn the CD when process completed: n
Parameters used for System Restoration:
Write the Boot Sector on the MBR: y
Check for Badblocks when partitioning: n
Force the load of some CD-Rom kernel drivers (recommanded): y
Press to continue or to abort

star not found - it will not be used instead of tar

STEP 2: Clean the build directory:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Done

STEP 3: Check for required commands:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking existence of command pidof: OK
Checking existence of command readlink: OK
Checking existence of command ldd: OK
Checking existence of command basename: OK
Checking existence of command dirname: OK
Checking existence of command du: OK
Checking existence of command sed: OK
Checking existence of command uname: OK
Checking existence of command cut: OK
Checking existence of command mknod: OK
Checking existence of command dd: OK
Checking existence of command tr: OK
Checking existence of command tail: OK
Checking existence of command tar: OK
Checking existence of command sort: OK
Checking existence of command uniq: OK
Checking existence of command grep: OK
Checking existence of command sfdisk: OK
Checking existence of command fdisk: OK
Checking existence of command lsmod: OK
Checking existence of command mkisofs: OK
Checking existence of command modprobe: OK
Checking existence of command mount: OK
Checking existence of command umount: OK
Checking existence of command gzip: OK
Checking existence of command modinfo: OK
Checking existence of command awk: OK
Checking existence of command stat: OK
Checking existence of command bc: OK
Checking existence of command cdrecord: OK

STEP 4: Check and create needed sub-directory:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/tmp: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/loop: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/iso/realconf: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/iso/isolinux: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/initrd: OK
Checking existence of directory /tmp/clonesys/iso/backup: OK

STEP 5: Copy source files to /tmp/clonesys:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Copy ./isolinux files: OK
Copy ./initrd files: OK
Copy real basename and required libraries: OK
Copy library /lib/libc.so.6:  OK
Create the symbolic link:  OK
Copy library /lib/ld-linux.so.2:  OK
Create the symbolic link:  OK
Copy real cat and required libraries: OK
Copy library /lib/libc.so.6:  OK
Create the symbolic link:  Link already created
Create the symbolic link:  Link already created
Copy ./realconf files:  OK

STEP 6: Create configuration files under /tmp/clonesys/iso/backup:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Copy the currently loaded modules:
Forcing module ide-cd
Forcing module isofs
Copy Module ide_cd: OK
Copy Module cdrom: OK
Copy Module iptable_filter: OK
Copy Module ip_tables: OK
Copy Module x_tables: OK
Copy Module ipv6: OK
Copy Module xfrm_nalgo: OK
Creating special node for /dev/sdj: OK
Unmounting the CD-Rom: OK
Create the mount points:
Mount point for /dev/sda3 is / (Type=ext3, Options=rw)
Mount point for /dev/sda1 is /boot (Type=ext3, Options=rw)

STEP 7: Backup the system files:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Building the file list:
Managing Directory: /bin
Managing Directory: /sbin
Managing Directory: /usr/sbin
Managing Directory: /usr/sbin/euca_admin
Managing Directory: /usr/bin
Managing Directory: /usr/lib
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/alsa-lib
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/alsa-lib/smixer
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/boot
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/apr-util-1
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/aspell-0.60
Managing Directory: /usr/lib/audit
Managing Directory: /tmp/clonesys/
Creating the file archive (Please wait): testmade
OK

STEP 8: Prepare the Boot Loader:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Check if file grub/grub.conf has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/menu.lst has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/device.map has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/stage1 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/stage2 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/e2fs_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/fat_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/ffs_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/iso9660_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/jfs_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/reiserfs_stage1_5 has been backup up OK
Check if file grub/xfs_stage1_5 has been backup up OK

STEP 9: Create the Initial RAMDisk image:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Compute the initial RAMDisk size: OK (found 22356 KBytes)
Create the initial RAMDisk file: 38740+0 records in
38740+0 records out
39669760 bytes (40 MB) copied, 0.317524 seconds, 125 MB/s
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
9696 inodes, 9685 blocks
0 blocks (0.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=12582912
1 block group
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
9696 inodes per group

Writing inode tables: done                           
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
OK
Loopback mount of /tmp/clonesys/iso/isolinux/initrd: OK
Copy initrd files: OK
Unmounting /tmp/clonesys/iso/isolinux/initrd: OK
Compressing the initial RAMDisk: OK
Copy current Linux kernel under /tmp/clonesys/iso/isolinux directory: OK

STEP 10: Create the ISO Image:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Do you want to enter a shell before making the ISO filesystem (y/n) ? Create the ISO images:
Preparing ISO image #1 (current archive=1, start size=10544)
Create the ISO image #1:
mkisofs: Warning: -follow-links does not always work correctly; be careful.
INFO:    UTF-8 character encoding detected by locale settings.
    Assuming UTF-8 encoded filenames on source filesystem,
    use -input-charset to override.
Size of boot image is 4 sectors -> No emulation
  1.97% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:11:42 2010
  3.93% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:11:42 2010
  5.90% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:11:42 2010
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 80.56% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:12:03 2010
 82.53% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:12:02 2010
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 94.31% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:12:03 2010
 96.28% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:12:02 2010
 98.24% done, estimate finish Tue Nov  2 16:12:03 2010
Total translation table size: 2048
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 4634
Total directory bytes: 8192
Path table size(bytes): 56
Max brk space used 1a000
254479 extents written (497 MB)
OK
ISO image generated as /tmp/clonesys1.iso - Ready to burn !
Error(s)  : 0
Warning(s): 1
Please, check for the errors & warnings in file /tmp/clonesys/tmp/tar.err



:D