Thursday, December 11, 2014

Upgrading to Fedora 21 Workstation from Fedora 20

1. Make sure your current system is up-to-date and backed up

# yum update -y

2. Install the FedUp tool

#  yum install fedup fedora-release

3. Start the update with FedUp

sudo fedup --network 21 --product=workstation

4. Reboot, and upgrade

Fedora 21 Post Installation Guide

Fedora is now more focused
Less setup, more innovation. Choose a flavor of Fedora streamlined for your needs, and get to work right away.

Fedora 21 also known as "Generic 21"  is the latest version of Fedora distro. It comes with many new features and software updates. Note: Almost every command shown here requires root privileges. So make sure you are logged in as root. Run su command to login as root.

Rpmfusion Repo

RPM Fusion Repository includes variety of applications which are not included in the main distro. Like mp3 codec, multimedia player for playing DVDs and many more.
It is recommended that you install RPM Fusion repo because most of the following packages require you to install RPM Fusion otherwise it may not work
   
#yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-21.noarch.rpm
#yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-21.noarch.rpm

Livna Repo

Some packages require you to install Livna Repo. Simply run he following commands to add and enable livna repo on your system.

#rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release.rpm
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-livna

MP3 playback Rythmbox

Rythmbox is likely that it will be installed by default. If not installed then you can install it very easily.

#yum install rhythmbox

The default installation of rhytmbox wont allow you to play mp3. To play mp3 you need to add the codes
#yum install gstreamer-plugins-good gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-plugins-ugly

Amarok

Amarok is the default audio player for KDE. It can also be installed on Gnome.

#yum install amarok phonon-backend-gstreamer

Audacious

Audacious is a winamp like audio player

#yum install audacious audacious-plugins

XMMS

XMMS is another winamp like audio player. And its one of my favorite. Its better than audacious in my eyes

#yum install xmms xmms-mp3

Banshee

Banshee allows you to import CDs, sync your music collection to an iPod, play music directly from an iPod, create playlists with songs from your library, and create audio and MP3 CDs from your music library.

#yum install banshee banshee-community-extensions

Video and DVD Playback

VLC player

VLC player is the best video player for Linux. It is capable of playing almost every video format.

#yum install vlc

XINE

Xine is another video player for Linux. It is very much like vlc player

#yum install xine xine-lib xine-lib-extras-freeworld

Mplayer with SM Player GUI

Mplayer is a VLC player like player for Linux. It is capable of playing almost all video and audio formats.

#yum install mplayer smplayer

Totem

Totem is the default video player for Fedora.

#yum install totem-xine xine-lib xine-lib-extras-freeworld

K9Copy

K9Copy is a free, open source DVD backup and DVD authoring program for Linux

#yum install k9copy

libdvdcss

libdvdcss is a free and open source software library for accessing and unscrambling DVDs encrypted with the Content Scramble System (CSS). libdvdcss is part of the VideoLAN project and is used by VLC media player and other DVD player software such as Ogle, xine-based players, and MPlayer.

#yum install libdvdcss

Adobe Flash Player Add the Adobe repo
   
#rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
#yum install flash-plugin

Install Flash Player
#yum install flash-plugin

Acrobat Reader

Add adobe YUM Repo
   
#rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
Install Adobe reader
#yum install AdobeReader_enu

Google Chrome
Add Google YUM Repo
#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/google.repo
And paste the following
Fedora 32-bit

[google-chrome]
name=google-chrome - 32-bit
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/i386
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
Fedora 64-bit

[google-chrome]
name=google-chrome - 64-bit
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
Save the file using “:wq“.
Install Google Chrome

#yum install google-chrome-stable

Other Applications Filezilla

Filezilla is a FTP client and its one of the best

#yum install filezilla

7z or p7zip

#yum install p7zip

Unrar

Unrar utility for extracting, testing and viewing the contents of archives created with the RAR archiver version 1.50 and above.
#yum install unrar

Transmission bittorrent client

Transmission is a lightweight bittorrent client for Linux platform.
#yum install transmission

Wine

Wine is a is a compatibility layer capable of running Windows applications on Linux. It can run many windows applications even some games in Linux.
#yum install wine

Gparted

GParted is a free partition editor for graphically managing your disk partitions.
#yum install gparted

Gimp
Gimp is the most advanced Image Editor for Linux. This gimp has lot of useful features useful.
#yum install gimp yum install gimp-data-extras gimpfx-foundry gimp-lqr-plugin gimp-resynthesizer gnome-xcf-thumbnailer

Eclipse IDE

Eclipse is a multi-language Integrated development environment (IDE)
#yum install eclipse

Yum Extender : yumex
Yum Extender (yumex) is a GUI for the yum package manager. If you do not like installing everything from the terminal you can add a GUI installer.
Follow This Article to install Yum Extender (yumex) on Fedora 20

Skype

Skype Installation Dependencies:-
#yum install alsa-lib.i686 libXv.i686 libXScrnSaver.i686 qt.i686 qt-x11.i686 pulseaudio-libs.i686 pulseaudio-libs-glib2.i686 alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i686 qtwebkit.i686 -y

#wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-4.2.0.11-fedora.i586.rpm

#yum localinstall skype-4.2.0.11-fedora.i586.rpm

Gnome Extension Installation
https://extensions.gnome.org/local/

Using "Gnome Link" create a account. List of extension.

Monday, November 3, 2014

Cockpit A remote manager for GNU/Linux servers Atomic Host & Containers

Cockpit is a server manager that makes it easy to administer your GNU/Linux servers via a web browser.

Easy to use
Cockpit is perfect for new sysadmins, allowing them to easily perform simple tasks such as storage administration, inspecting journals and starting and stopping services.

No interference
Jumping between the terminal and the web tool is no problem. A service started via Cockpit can be stopped via the terminal. Likewise, if an error occurs in the terminal, it can be seen in the Cockpit journal interface.

Multi-server
You can monitor and administer several servers at the same time. Just add them with a single click and your machines will look after its buddies.

Step 1
This post will provide instructions on installing Cockpit on the newly-released Fedora 20

#yum -y install git rpm-build yum-utils make firewalld openssl && git clone https://github.com/cockpit-project/cockpit.git && yum install trickle nbd-server npm python-libguestfs qemu mock qemu-kvm python curl libvirt-client libvirtd qemu-nbd krb5-workstation krb5-server docker-io -y && $ npm install 
phantomjs && yum update -y && reboot

Step 2

#cd cockpit
#cd ./test
# srpm=$(./make-srpm)
# yum-builddep $srpm

# mkdir build
# cd build
# ../autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --enable-maintainer-mode --enable-debug
# make && make install
# cp ../src/bridge/cockpit.pam.insecure /etc/pam.d/cockpit
# sh -c "cat ../src/bridge/sshd-reauthorize.pam >> /etc/pam.d/sshd"
# systemctl start cockpit.socket
# firewall-cmd --reload
# firewall-cmd --add-service=cockpit
# firewall-cmd --add-service=cockpit --permanent
# docker pull fedora

Point your browser to https://IP-OR-NAME-OF-YOUR-VM:9090

















http://news.softpedia.com/news/CEO-Satya-Nadella-Microsoft-Loves-Linux-462754.shtml

Our Dear Friend Mircosoft fall in Love with Linux

Monday, September 29, 2014

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

I am delighted to announce that my associate Pradeep S new book, Getting Started with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization was published yesterday. It's available on Amazon and Packt now.

Thursday, September 25, 2014

HOW TO CHECK FOR VULNERABLE SHELL

*HOW TO CHECK FOR VULNERABLE SHELL*
To determine if a Linux or Unix system is vulnerable, run the following command lines in your linux shell:

     * env X="() { :;} ; echo shellshock" /bin/sh -c "echo completed"
     * env X="() { :;} ; echo shellshock" `which bash` -c "echo completed"

If you see the words "/shellshock/" in the output, errrrr… then you are at risk.




Sunday, September 7, 2014

"systemd" Commands to Manage Linux System

Systemd is the new system and service manager for Linux. It is a replacement for init system and can manage system startup and services. It starts up and supervises the entire system. In article we are using Fedora 20 installed with "systemd-208-21.fc20.x86_64" version

 PID 1 is occupied by “systemd” and can be seen from pstree command as well:


[root@rajat rajat]# pstree
systemd─┬─ModemManager───2*[{ModemManager}]
        ├─NetworkManager─┬─nm-vpnc-service─┬─vpnc
        │                │                 └─{nm-vpnc-service}
        │                ├─pppd
        │                └─3*[{NetworkManager}]
        ├─2*[abrt-watch-log]
        ├─abrtd
        ├─accounts-daemon───2*[{accounts-daemon}]
        ├─alsactl
        ├─at-spi-bus-laun─┬─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}
        │                 └─3*[{at-spi-bus-laun}]
        ├─at-spi2-registr───{at-spi2-registr}
        ├─atd
        ├─auditd─┬─audispd─┬─sedispatch
        │        │         └─{audispd}
        │        └─{auditd}
        ├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
        ├─bitlbee
        ├─bluetoothd
        ├─chronyd
        ├─colord───2*[{colord}]
        ├─crond
        ├─cupsd
        ├─2*[dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}]
        ├─dbus-launch
        ├─dconf-service───2*[{dconf-service}]
        ├─evolution-calen───4*[{evolution-calen}]
        ├─evolution-sourc───2*[{evolution-sourc}]
        ├─gconfd-2
        ├─gdm─┬─gdm-simple-slav─┬─Xorg
        │     │                 ├─gdm-session-wor─┬─gnome-session─┬─abrt-applet───{abrt-applet}
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─deja-dup-monito───2*[{deja-dup-monito}]
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─gnome-settings-───4*[{gnome-settings-}]
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─gnome-shell─┬─chrome─┬─2*[cat]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        ├─chrome─┬─chrome
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        │        └─2*[{chrome}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        ├─chrome-sandbox───chrome─┬─chrome─┬─8*[chrome───7*[{chrome}]]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        │                         │        ├─4*[chrome───8*[{chrome}]]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        │                         │        └─chrome───13*[{chrome}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        │                         └─chrome-sandbox───nacl_helper
        │     │                 │                 │               │             │        └─41*[{chrome}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             ├─gedit───3*[{gedit}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             ├─nautilus───3*[{nautilus}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             ├─thunderbird───28*[{thunderbird}]
        │     │                 │                 │               │             └─6*[{gnome-shell}]
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─seapplet
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─tracker-miner-f───3*[{tracker-miner-f}]
        │     │                 │                 │               ├─tracker-store───7*[{tracker-store}]
        │     │                 │                 │               └─3*[{gnome-session}]
        │     │                 │                 └─2*[{gdm-session-wor}]
        │     │                 └─2*[{gdm-simple-slav}]
        │     └─2*[{gdm}]
        ├─geoclue───2*[{geoclue}]
        ├─gnome-keyring-d───7*[{gnome-keyring-d}]
        ├─gnome-shell-cal───4*[{gnome-shell-cal}]
        ├─gnome-terminal-─┬─bash───weechat-curses───2*[{weechat-curses}]
        │                 ├─bash───su───bash───pstree
        │                 ├─gnome-pty-helpe
        │                 └─3*[{gnome-terminal-}]
        ├─goa-daemon───3*[{goa-daemon}]
        ├─gsd-printer───{gsd-printer}
        ├─gvfs-afc-volume───2*[{gvfs-afc-volume}]
        ├─gvfs-goa-volume───{gvfs-goa-volume}
        ├─gvfs-gphoto2-vo───{gvfs-gphoto2-vo}
        ├─gvfs-mtp-volume───{gvfs-mtp-volume}
        ├─gvfs-udisks2-vo───2*[{gvfs-udisks2-vo}]
        ├─gvfsd───{gvfsd}
        ├─gvfsd-burn───{gvfsd-burn}
        ├─gvfsd-fuse───4*[{gvfsd-fuse}]
        ├─gvfsd-metadata───{gvfsd-metadata}
        ├─gvfsd-trash───2*[{gvfsd-trash}]
        ├─ibus-daemon─┬─ibus-dconf───3*[{ibus-dconf}]
        │             ├─ibus-engine-sim───2*[{ibus-engine-sim}]
        │             └─2*[{ibus-daemon}]
        ├─ibus-x11───2*[{ibus-x11}]
        ├─irqbalance
        ├─lvmetad
        ├─mcelog
        ├─mission-control───2*[{mission-control}]
        ├─monit───{monit}
        ├─obexd
        ├─packagekitd───2*[{packagekitd}]
        ├─pcscd───2*[{pcscd}]
        ├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}]
        ├─pulseaudio───2*[{pulseaudio}]
        ├─rngd
        ├─rpc.statd
        ├─rpcbind
        ├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}]
        ├─rtkit-daemon───2*[{rtkit-daemon}]
        ├─smartd
        ├─4*[systemd───(sd-pam)]
        ├─systemd-journal
        ├─systemd-logind
        ├─systemd-udevd
        ├─udisksd───4*[{udisksd}]
        ├─upowerd───2*[{upowerd}]
        ├─vnstatd
        └─wpa_supplicant

1. Faster startup

The sysvinit starts the processes serially, one at a time. Systemd starts services in parallel and starts only those services which are actually required, reducing the boot time significantly. The command systemd-analyze time also shows the same information.

[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 1.646s (kernel) + 2.661s (initrd) + 25.804s (userspace) = 30.113s

The blame option to systemd-analyze command can provide you with that, ordered by the time taken to initialize.

[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze blame
          9.931s openshift-tc.service
          4.279s NetworkManager.service
          1.712s proc-fs-nfsd.mount
          1.693s accounts-daemon.service
          1.638s lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service
          1.635s var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount
          1.475s rsyslog.service
          1.458s lvm2-monitor.service
          1.240s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0dc7dcae\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service
          1.193s plymouth-start.service
          1.028s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
           969ms user@0.service
           962ms home.mount
           930ms user@983.service
           826ms colord.service
           813ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
           797ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
           797ms dev-mqueue.mount
           796ms dev-hugepages.mount
           755ms tmp.mount
           752ms systemd-fsck-root.service
           742ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
           609ms dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dswap.swap
           580ms systemd-sysctl.service
           539ms systemd-remount-fs.service
           521ms user@42.service
           485ms sysstat.service
           397ms systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service
           287ms kmod-static-nodes.service
           285ms fedora-import-state.service
           253ms plymouth-read-write.service
           240ms boot.mount
           224ms openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service
           216ms bluetooth.service
           216ms fedora-readonly.service
           204ms rtkit-daemon.service
           198ms ModemManager.service
           188ms systemd-readahead-replay.service
           184ms nfs-lock.service
           162ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
           160ms systemd-random-seed.service
           156ms rc-local.service
           131ms chronyd.service
           128ms avahi-daemon.service
           119ms systemd-logind.service
           112ms systemd-user-sessions.service
           108ms mcelog.service
           102ms systemd-readahead-collect.service
            95ms gdm.service
            82ms user@1000.service
            75ms systemd-vconsole-setup.service
            48ms upower.service
            41ms udisks2.service
            35ms packagekit.service
            31ms rpcbind.service
            28ms abrt-ccpp.service
            15ms systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service
            15ms systemd-udevd.service
            11ms lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service
            11ms polkit.service
            11ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
            10ms wpa_supplicant.service
             8ms systemd-readahead-done.service
             7ms systemd-journal-flush.service
             7ms auditd.service
             5ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
             5ms systemd-update-utmp.service
             3ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
             2ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
             1ms sys-kernel-config.mount

2. The systemctl command

The systemctl command is the most talked command that comes with systemd. You can manage a whole lot of your system with this command.

2.1 List Units

systemctl command without any option lists all the running units.

#systemctl list-units or systemctl

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl
UNIT                                                                       LOAD   ACTIVE SUB       DESCRIPTION
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount                                          loaded active waiting   Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:02.0-backlight-acpi_video0.device           loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/backlight/acpi_video0
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...card0-card0\x2dLVDS\x2d1-intel_backlight.device loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0/card0-LVDS-1/intel_backligh
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:16.3-tty-ttyS0.device                       loaded active plugged   7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family KT Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:19.0-net-em1.device                         loaded active plugged   82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.0-ttyUSB0-tty-ttyUSB0.device loaded active plugged   ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.1-ttyUSB1-tty-ttyUSB1.device loaded active plugged   ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.2-ttyUSB2-tty-ttyUSB2.device loaded active plugged   ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:0-block-sr1.device loaded active plugged   USB_SCSI_CD-ROM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb-sdb1.device loaded active plugged   MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb.device loaded active plugged   MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...2d1-1\x2d1.4-1\x2d1.4:1.0-bluetooth-hci0.device loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.4/1-1.4:1.0/bluetooth/hc
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1b.0-sound-card0.device                     loaded active plugged   7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1c.1-0000:03:00.0-net-wlp3s0.device         loaded active plugged   Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda1.device loaded active plugged   HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda2.device loaded active plugged   LVM PV fZ6boN-bWsF-iFqv-JHFJ-Ws5g-XoIv-7Mk7Ke on /dev/sda2
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda.device loaded active plugged   HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata2-host1-target1:0:0-1:0:0:0-block-sr0.device loaded active plugged   HL-DT-ST_DVDRAM_GT80N
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS1.device                           loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS1
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS2.device                           loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS2
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS3.device                           loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS3
sys-devices-platform-thinkpad_acpi-sound-card29.device                     loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/sound/card29
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d0.device                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-0
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d1.device                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-1
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d2.device                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-2
sys-devices-virtual-block-loop0.device                                     loaded active plugged   LVM PV hoCHOb-3sy4-vTFG-cbZD-5nxh-FwVJ-pSY92M on /dev/loop0
sys-devices-virtual-net-ppp0.device                                        loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp0
sys-devices-virtual-net-tun0.device                                        loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/net/tun0
sys-module-configfs.device                                                 loaded active plugged   /sys/module/configfs
sys-module-fuse.device                                                     loaded active plugged   /sys/module/fuse
sys-subsystem-bluetooth-devices-hci0.device                                loaded active plugged   /sys/subsystem/bluetooth/devices/hci0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-em1.device                                       loaded active plugged   82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-subsystem-net-devices-ppp0.device                                      loaded active plugged   /sys/subsystem/net/devices/ppp0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-tun0.device                                      loaded active plugged   /sys/subsystem/net/devices/tun0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlp3s0.device                                    loaded active plugged   Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
-.mount                                                                    loaded active mounted   /
boot.mount                                                                 loaded active mounted   /boot
dev-hugepages.mount                                                        loaded active mounted   Huge Pages File System
dev-mqueue.mount                                                           loaded active mounted   POSIX Message Queue File System
home.mount                                                                 loaded active mounted   /home
proc-fs-nfsd.mount                                                         loaded active mounted   RPC Pipe File System
run-media-rajat-New\x20Volume.mount                                        loaded active mounted   /run/media/rajat/New Volume
run-media-rajat-Vodafone\x20K3800.mount                                    loaded active mounted   /run/media/rajat/Vodafone K3800
run-user-1000-gvfs.mount                                                   loaded active mounted   /run/user/1000/gvfs
sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount                                              loaded active mounted   FUSE Control File System
sys-kernel-config.mount                                                    loaded active mounted   Configuration File System
sys-kernel-debug.mount                                                     loaded active mounted   Debug File System
tmp.mount                                                                  loaded active mounted   Temporary Directory
var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount                                               loaded active mounted   RPC Pipe File System
cups.path                                                                  loaded active running   CUPS Printer Service Spool
systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path                                         loaded active waiting   Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch
systemd-ask-password-wall.path                                             loaded active waiting   Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch
session-3.scope                                                            loaded active running   Session 3 of user rajat
abrt-ccpp.service                                                          loaded active exited    Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service                                                          loaded active running   ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service                                                          loaded active running   ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service                                                              loaded active running   ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service                                                    loaded active running   Accounts Service
alsa-state.service                                                         loaded active running   Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service                                                                loaded active running   Job spooling tools
auditd.service                                                             loaded active running   Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service                                                       loaded active running   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service                                                            loaded active running   BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service                                                          loaded active running   Bluetooth service
chronyd.service                                                            loaded active running   NTP client/server
colord.service                                                             loaded active running   Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service                                                              loaded active running   Command Scheduler
cups.service                                                               loaded active running   CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service                                                               loaded active running   D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service                                                loaded active exited    Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service                                                    loaded active exited    Configure read-only root support
gdm.service                                                                loaded active running   GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service                                                         loaded active running   irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service                                                  loaded active exited    Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service                                                       loaded active running   LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service                                                       loaded active exited    Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress poll
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service                                                    loaded active exited    LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service                                                    loaded active exited    LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service                                                             loaded active running   Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service                                                       loaded active running   Modem Manager
monit.service                                                              loaded active running   Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service                                                     loaded active running   Network Manager
nfs-lock.service                                                           loaded active running   NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service                                      loaded active exited    OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service                                                       loaded failed failed    OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service                                                              loaded active running   PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service                                                             loaded active running   Authorization Manager
rc-local.service                                                           loaded failed failed    /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service                                                               loaded active running   Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service                                                            loaded active running   RPC bind service
rsyslog.service                                                            loaded active running   System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service                                                       loaded active running   RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service                                                             loaded active running   Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service                                                            loaded active exited    Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service                            loaded active exited    Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service                        loaded active exited    Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service                                                  loaded active exited    File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited    File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service                       loaded active exited    File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-journald.service                                                   loaded active running   Journal Service
systemd-logind.service                                                     loaded active running   Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service                                                loaded active exited    Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service                                          loaded active exited    Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service                                           loaded active exited    Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service                                                 loaded active exited    Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service                                                     loaded active exited    Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service                                         loaded active exited    Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service                                             loaded active exited    Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service                                               loaded active exited    udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service                                                      loaded active running   udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service                                                loaded active exited    Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service                                              loaded active exited    Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service                                             loaded active exited    Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service                                                            loaded active running   Disk Manager
upower.service                                                             loaded active running   Daemon for power management
user@0.service                                                             loaded active running   User Manager for 0
user@1000.service                                                          loaded active running   User Manager for 1000
user@42.service                                                            loaded active running   User Manager for 42
user@983.service                                                           loaded active running   User Manager for 983
vnstat.service                                                             loaded active running   VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service                                                     loaded active running   WPA Supplicant daemon
-.slice                                                                    loaded active active    Root Slice
system-getty.slice                                                         loaded active active    system-getty.slice
system.slice                                                               loaded active active    System Slice
user-0.slice                                                               loaded active active    user-0.slice
user-1000.slice                                                            loaded active active    user-1000.slice
user-42.slice                                                              loaded active active    user-42.slice
user-983.slice                                                             loaded active active    user-983.slice
user.slice                                                                 loaded active active    User and Session Slice
avahi-daemon.socket                                                        loaded active running   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket
cups.socket                                                                loaded active running   CUPS Printing Service Sockets
dbus.socket                                                                loaded active running   D-Bus System Message Bus Socket
dm-event.socket                                                            loaded active listening Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs
iscsid.socket                                                              loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsid Socket
iscsiuio.socket                                                            loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsiuio Socket
lvm2-lvmetad.socket                                                        loaded active running   LVM2 metadata daemon socket
pcscd.socket                                                               loaded active running   PC/SC Smart Card Daemon Activation Socket
rpcbind.socket                                                             loaded active running   RPCbind Server Activation Socket
systemd-initctl.socket                                                     loaded active listening /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe
systemd-journald.socket                                                    loaded active running   Journal Socket
systemd-shutdownd.socket                                                   loaded active listening Delayed Shutdown Socket
systemd-udevd-control.socket                                               loaded active running   udev Control Socket
systemd-udevd-kernel.socket                                                loaded active running   udev Kernel Socket
dev-dm\x2d1.swap                                                           loaded active active    /dev/dm-1
basic.target                                                               loaded active active    Basic System
bluetooth.target                                                           loaded active active    Bluetooth
cryptsetup.target                                                          loaded active active    Encrypted Volumes
getty.target                                                               loaded active active    Login Prompts
graphical.target                                                           loaded active active    Graphical Interface
local-fs-pre.target                                                        loaded active active    Local File Systems (Pre)
local-fs.target                                                            loaded active active    Local File Systems
multi-user.target                                                          loaded active active    Multi-User System
network.target                                                             loaded active active    Network
nfs.target                                                                 loaded active active    Network File System Server
paths.target                                                               loaded active active    Paths
remote-fs.target                                                           loaded active active    Remote File Systems
slices.target                                                              loaded active active    Slices
sockets.target                                                             loaded active active    Sockets
sound.target                                                               loaded active active    Sound Card
swap.target                                                                loaded active active    Swap
sysinit.target                                                             loaded active active    System Initialization
timers.target                                                              loaded active active    Timers
systemd-readahead-done.timer                                               loaded active elapsed   Stop Read-Ahead Data Collection 10s After Completed Startup
systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer                                               loaded active waiting   Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories

LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.

164 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

2.2 Listing failed units

The failed units can be listed with --failed switch.

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl --failed
UNIT                 LOAD   ACTIVE SUB    DESCRIPTION
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
rc-local.service     loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility

LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.

2 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

3. Managing services

3.1 Active services

All the active services can be checked

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl list-units -t service
UNIT                                                                        LOAD   ACTIVE SUB     DESCRIPTION
abrt-ccpp.service                                                           loaded active exited  Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service                                                           loaded active running ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service                                                           loaded active running ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service                                                               loaded active running ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service                                                     loaded active running Accounts Service
alsa-state.service                                                          loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service                                                                 loaded active running Job spooling tools
auditd.service                                                              loaded active running Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service                                                        loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service                                                             loaded active running BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service                                                           loaded active running Bluetooth service
chronyd.service                                                             loaded active running NTP client/server
colord.service                                                              loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service                                                               loaded active running Command Scheduler
cups.service                                                                loaded active running CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service                                                                loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service                                                 loaded active exited  Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service                                                     loaded active exited  Configure read-only root support
gdm.service                                                                 loaded active running GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service                                                          loaded active running irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service                                                   loaded active exited  Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service                                                        loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service                                                        loaded active exited  Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polli
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service                                                     loaded active exited  LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service                                                     loaded active exited  LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service                                                              loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service                                                        loaded active running Modem Manager
monit.service                                                               loaded active running Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service                                                      loaded active running Network Manager
nfs-lock.service                                                            loaded active running NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service                                       loaded active exited  OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service                                                        loaded failed failed  OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service                                                               loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service                                                              loaded active running Authorization Manager
rc-local.service                                                            loaded failed failed  /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service                                                                loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service                                                             loaded active running RPC bind service
rsyslog.service                                                             loaded active running System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service                                                        loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service                                                              loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service                                                             loaded active exited  Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service                             loaded active exited  Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service                         loaded active exited  Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service                                                   loaded active exited  File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited  File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7c
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service                        loaded active exited  File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-hostnamed.service                                                   loaded active running Hostname Service
systemd-journald.service                                                    loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service                                                      loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service                                                 loaded active exited  Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service                                           loaded active exited  Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service                                            loaded active exited  Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service                                                  loaded active exited  Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service                                                      loaded active exited  Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service                                          loaded active exited  Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service                                              loaded active exited  Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service                                                loaded active exited  udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service                                                       loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service                                                 loaded active exited  Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service                                               loaded active exited  Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service                                              loaded active exited  Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service                                                             loaded active running Disk Manager
upower.service                                                              loaded active running Daemon for power management
user@0.service                                                              loaded active running User Manager for 0
user@1000.service                                                           loaded active running User Manager for 1000
user@42.service                                                             loaded active running User Manager for 42
user@983.service                                                            loaded active running User Manager for 983
vnstat.service                                                              loaded active running VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service                                                      loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon

LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.

69 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

3.2 Service status
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 09:57:56 IST; 1h 40min ago
     Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
 Main PID: 685 (bluetoothd)
   Status: "Running"
   CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
           └─685 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd

Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink

3.3 Stopping a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl stop bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:39:24 IST; 13s ago
     Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
  Process: 685 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 685 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Status: "Quitting"

Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopping Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Terminating
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopped Bluetooth service.

3.4 Start a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl start bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:40:35 IST; 1s ago
     Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
 Main PID: 29802 (bluetoothd)
   Status: "Running"
   CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
           └─29802 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd

Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink

3.5 Restart a service

Similarly, restarting a service is managed using ‘systemctl restart ‘:

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl restart bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:41:25 IST; 13s ago
     Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
 Main PID: 29955 (bluetoothd)
   Status: "Running"
   CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
           └─29955 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd

Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink

3.6 Reload a service

#systemctl reload sshd

4. Managing services at boot

The chkconfig command was used to manage services at boot.

4.1 Enable/Disable a service at boot

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl is-enabled bluetooth.service
enabled

[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl disable bluetooth.service
rm '/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service'
rm '/etc/systemd/system/bluetooth.target.wants/bluetooth.service'

5. Logging in "systemd"

[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:47:36 IST. --
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Startup finished in 406ms.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopping Default.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopped target Default.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Exit the Session...
-- Reboot --
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Reached target Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Startup finished in 63ms.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopping Default.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopped target Default.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Shutdown.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6185]: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session closed for user unbound
-- Reboot --
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Starting Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Reached target Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Startup finished in 415ms.
-- Reboot --
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direc
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Starting Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Reached target Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Startup finished in 107ms.
-- Reboot --

5.1 Boot messages

[root@rajat rajat]#journalctl -b
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:49:06 IST. --
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Linux version 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 (mockbuild@bkernel01.phx2.fedoraproject.org) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140624 (Red Hat 4.8.3-1) (GC
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora_rajat/swap vconsole
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009d7ff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009d800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000001fffffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x00000000201fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020200000-0x0000000040003fff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040004000-0x0000000040004fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040005000-0x00000000ced2ffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ced30000-0x00000000dae9efff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dae9f000-0x00000000daf9efff] ACPI NVS
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000daf9f000-0x00000000daffefff] ACPI data
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dafff000-0x00000000df9fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f8000000-0x00000000fbffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed08000-0x00000000fed08fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10000-0x00000000fed19fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffc00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000021e5fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000021e600000-0x000000021e7fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: DMI: LENOVO 2429BQ2/2429BQ2, BIOS G4ET94WW (2.54 ) 05/23/2013
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x21e600 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel:   00000-9FFFF write-back
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel:   A0000-BFFFF uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel:   C0000-FFFFF write-protect
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR variable ranges enabled:

5.2 Follow logs

[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl -f
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST. --
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm-password][31086]: gkr-pam: unlocked login keyring
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm[736]: GdmSlave: could not fetch type of session 'c1': No such file or directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM unable to dlopen(/usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so): /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so: cannot open shared object... directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM adding faulty module: /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 CROND[31110]: (root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.minutely)
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31113]: (/etc/cron.minutely) starting openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31139]: (/etc/cron.minutely) finished openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:06 rajat.patel.fc20 ModemManager[693]: <info>  Modem /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0: signal quality updated (87)
Sep 08 11:52:12 rajat.patel.fc20 fprintd[31081]: ** Message: No devices in use, exit

5.3 Service specific logs
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl /usr/sbin/NetworkManager
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:54:36 IST. --
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> NetworkManager (version 0.9.9.0-43.git20131003.fc20) is starting...
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> WEXT support is enabled
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.l2tp
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.vpnc
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openconnect
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: Acquired D-Bus service com.redhat.ifcfgrh1
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin ifcfg-rh: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc.  To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin keyfile: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc.  To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list.
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ssid ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'ssid'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-qogdpqneazl-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'qogdpqneazl-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Profile_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'Profile 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-O_Teri ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'O Teri'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteven ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'donteven'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-epezojccijh-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'epezojccijh-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-guggle.co.in ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'guggle.co.in'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-2806 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection '2806'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Lords_Silvassa_WiFonic ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'Lords Silvassa WiFonic'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet_M1218 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet M1218'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteventhingyoucanhackthis ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'donteventhingyoucanhackthis'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-AndroidAP_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'AndroidAP 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Red_Hat_Guest ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'Red Hat Guest'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-chalbhag ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh:     read connection 'chalbhag'

5.4 Power management

The systemctl command can be used to put the system down, or reboot or hibernate.

To poweroff, reboot, suspend and hibernate, use the following commands respectively:

# systemctl poweroff

# systemctl reboot

# systemctl suspend

# systemctl reboot

[root@rajat rajat]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: rajat.patel.fc20
         Icon name: computer-laptop
           Chassis: laptop
        Machine ID: 41f6085a86774b4a9047c5a5110e1b22
           Boot ID: 473ba3c20f124de18f5035a27c479662
  Operating System: Fedora 20 (Heisenbug)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:20
            Kernel: Linux 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64
      Architecture: x86_64