Systemd is the new system and service manager for Linux. It is a replacement for init system and can manage system startup and services. It starts up and supervises the entire system. In article we are using Fedora 20 installed with "systemd-208-21.fc20.x86_64" version
PID 1 is occupied by “systemd” and can be seen from pstree command as well:
[root@rajat rajat]# pstree
systemd─┬─ModemManager───2*[{ModemManager}]
├─NetworkManager─┬─nm-vpnc-service─┬─vpnc
│ │ └─{nm-vpnc-service}
│ ├─pppd
│ └─3*[{NetworkManager}]
├─2*[abrt-watch-log]
├─abrtd
├─accounts-daemon───2*[{accounts-daemon}]
├─alsactl
├─at-spi-bus-laun─┬─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}
│ └─3*[{at-spi-bus-laun}]
├─at-spi2-registr───{at-spi2-registr}
├─atd
├─auditd─┬─audispd─┬─sedispatch
│ │ └─{audispd}
│ └─{auditd}
├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
├─bitlbee
├─bluetoothd
├─chronyd
├─colord───2*[{colord}]
├─crond
├─cupsd
├─2*[dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}]
├─dbus-launch
├─dconf-service───2*[{dconf-service}]
├─evolution-calen───4*[{evolution-calen}]
├─evolution-sourc───2*[{evolution-sourc}]
├─gconfd-2
├─gdm─┬─gdm-simple-slav─┬─Xorg
│ │ ├─gdm-session-wor─┬─gnome-session─┬─abrt-applet───{abrt-applet}
│ │ │ │ ├─deja-dup-monito───2*[{deja-dup-monito}]
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-settings-───4*[{gnome-settings-}]
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-shell─┬─chrome─┬─2*[cat]
│ │ │ │ │ │ ├─chrome─┬─chrome
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─2*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ │ ├─chrome-sandbox───chrome─┬─chrome─┬─8*[chrome───7*[{chrome}]]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─4*[chrome───8*[{chrome}]]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─chrome───13*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─chrome-sandbox───nacl_helper
│ │ │ │ │ │ └─41*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─gedit───3*[{gedit}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─nautilus───3*[{nautilus}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─thunderbird───28*[{thunderbird}]
│ │ │ │ │ └─6*[{gnome-shell}]
│ │ │ │ ├─seapplet
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-miner-f───3*[{tracker-miner-f}]
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-store───7*[{tracker-store}]
│ │ │ │ └─3*[{gnome-session}]
│ │ │ └─2*[{gdm-session-wor}]
│ │ └─2*[{gdm-simple-slav}]
│ └─2*[{gdm}]
├─geoclue───2*[{geoclue}]
├─gnome-keyring-d───7*[{gnome-keyring-d}]
├─gnome-shell-cal───4*[{gnome-shell-cal}]
├─gnome-terminal-─┬─bash───weechat-curses───2*[{weechat-curses}]
│ ├─bash───su───bash───pstree
│ ├─gnome-pty-helpe
│ └─3*[{gnome-terminal-}]
├─goa-daemon───3*[{goa-daemon}]
├─gsd-printer───{gsd-printer}
├─gvfs-afc-volume───2*[{gvfs-afc-volume}]
├─gvfs-goa-volume───{gvfs-goa-volume}
├─gvfs-gphoto2-vo───{gvfs-gphoto2-vo}
├─gvfs-mtp-volume───{gvfs-mtp-volume}
├─gvfs-udisks2-vo───2*[{gvfs-udisks2-vo}]
├─gvfsd───{gvfsd}
├─gvfsd-burn───{gvfsd-burn}
├─gvfsd-fuse───4*[{gvfsd-fuse}]
├─gvfsd-metadata───{gvfsd-metadata}
├─gvfsd-trash───2*[{gvfsd-trash}]
├─ibus-daemon─┬─ibus-dconf───3*[{ibus-dconf}]
│ ├─ibus-engine-sim───2*[{ibus-engine-sim}]
│ └─2*[{ibus-daemon}]
├─ibus-x11───2*[{ibus-x11}]
├─irqbalance
├─lvmetad
├─mcelog
├─mission-control───2*[{mission-control}]
├─monit───{monit}
├─obexd
├─packagekitd───2*[{packagekitd}]
├─pcscd───2*[{pcscd}]
├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}]
├─pulseaudio───2*[{pulseaudio}]
├─rngd
├─rpc.statd
├─rpcbind
├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}]
├─rtkit-daemon───2*[{rtkit-daemon}]
├─smartd
├─4*[systemd───(sd-pam)]
├─systemd-journal
├─systemd-logind
├─systemd-udevd
├─udisksd───4*[{udisksd}]
├─upowerd───2*[{upowerd}]
├─vnstatd
└─wpa_supplicant
1. Faster startup
The sysvinit starts the processes serially, one at a time. Systemd starts services in parallel and starts only those services which are actually required, reducing the boot time significantly. The command systemd-analyze time also shows the same information.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 1.646s (kernel) + 2.661s (initrd) + 25.804s (userspace) = 30.113s
The blame option to systemd-analyze command can provide you with that, ordered by the time taken to initialize.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze blame
9.931s openshift-tc.service
4.279s NetworkManager.service
1.712s proc-fs-nfsd.mount
1.693s accounts-daemon.service
1.638s lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service
1.635s var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount
1.475s rsyslog.service
1.458s lvm2-monitor.service
1.240s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0dc7dcae\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service
1.193s plymouth-start.service
1.028s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
969ms user@0.service
962ms home.mount
930ms user@983.service
826ms colord.service
813ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
797ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
797ms dev-mqueue.mount
796ms dev-hugepages.mount
755ms tmp.mount
752ms systemd-fsck-root.service
742ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
609ms dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dswap.swap
580ms systemd-sysctl.service
539ms systemd-remount-fs.service
521ms user@42.service
485ms sysstat.service
397ms systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service
287ms kmod-static-nodes.service
285ms fedora-import-state.service
253ms plymouth-read-write.service
240ms boot.mount
224ms openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service
216ms bluetooth.service
216ms fedora-readonly.service
204ms rtkit-daemon.service
198ms ModemManager.service
188ms systemd-readahead-replay.service
184ms nfs-lock.service
162ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
160ms systemd-random-seed.service
156ms rc-local.service
131ms chronyd.service
128ms avahi-daemon.service
119ms systemd-logind.service
112ms systemd-user-sessions.service
108ms mcelog.service
102ms systemd-readahead-collect.service
95ms gdm.service
82ms user@1000.service
75ms systemd-vconsole-setup.service
48ms upower.service
41ms udisks2.service
35ms packagekit.service
31ms rpcbind.service
28ms abrt-ccpp.service
15ms systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service
15ms systemd-udevd.service
11ms lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service
11ms polkit.service
11ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
10ms wpa_supplicant.service
8ms systemd-readahead-done.service
7ms systemd-journal-flush.service
7ms auditd.service
5ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
5ms systemd-update-utmp.service
3ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
2ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
1ms sys-kernel-config.mount
2. The systemctl command
The systemctl command is the most talked command that comes with systemd. You can manage a whole lot of your system with this command.
2.1 List Units
systemctl command without any option lists all the running units.
#systemctl list-units or systemctl
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount loaded active waiting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:02.0-backlight-acpi_video0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/backlight/acpi_video0
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...card0-card0\x2dLVDS\x2d1-intel_backlight.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0/card0-LVDS-1/intel_backligh
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:16.3-tty-ttyS0.device loaded active plugged 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family KT Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:19.0-net-em1.device loaded active plugged 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.0-ttyUSB0-tty-ttyUSB0.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.1-ttyUSB1-tty-ttyUSB1.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.2-ttyUSB2-tty-ttyUSB2.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:0-block-sr1.device loaded active plugged USB_SCSI_CD-ROM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb-sdb1.device loaded active plugged MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb.device loaded active plugged MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...2d1-1\x2d1.4-1\x2d1.4:1.0-bluetooth-hci0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.4/1-1.4:1.0/bluetooth/hc
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1b.0-sound-card0.device loaded active plugged 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1c.1-0000:03:00.0-net-wlp3s0.device loaded active plugged Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda1.device loaded active plugged HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda2.device loaded active plugged LVM PV fZ6boN-bWsF-iFqv-JHFJ-Ws5g-XoIv-7Mk7Ke on /dev/sda2
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda.device loaded active plugged HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata2-host1-target1:0:0-1:0:0:0-block-sr0.device loaded active plugged HL-DT-ST_DVDRAM_GT80N
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS1
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS2
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS3.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS3
sys-devices-platform-thinkpad_acpi-sound-card29.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/sound/card29
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-0
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-1
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-2
sys-devices-virtual-block-loop0.device loaded active plugged LVM PV hoCHOb-3sy4-vTFG-cbZD-5nxh-FwVJ-pSY92M on /dev/loop0
sys-devices-virtual-net-ppp0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp0
sys-devices-virtual-net-tun0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/net/tun0
sys-module-configfs.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/configfs
sys-module-fuse.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/fuse
sys-subsystem-bluetooth-devices-hci0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/bluetooth/devices/hci0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-em1.device loaded active plugged 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-subsystem-net-devices-ppp0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/net/devices/ppp0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-tun0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/net/devices/tun0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlp3s0.device loaded active plugged Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
-.mount loaded active mounted /
boot.mount loaded active mounted /boot
dev-hugepages.mount loaded active mounted Huge Pages File System
dev-mqueue.mount loaded active mounted POSIX Message Queue File System
home.mount loaded active mounted /home
proc-fs-nfsd.mount loaded active mounted RPC Pipe File System
run-media-rajat-New\x20Volume.mount loaded active mounted /run/media/rajat/New Volume
run-media-rajat-Vodafone\x20K3800.mount loaded active mounted /run/media/rajat/Vodafone K3800
run-user-1000-gvfs.mount loaded active mounted /run/user/1000/gvfs
sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount loaded active mounted FUSE Control File System
sys-kernel-config.mount loaded active mounted Configuration File System
sys-kernel-debug.mount loaded active mounted Debug File System
tmp.mount loaded active mounted Temporary Directory
var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount loaded active mounted RPC Pipe File System
cups.path loaded active running CUPS Printer Service Spool
systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch
systemd-ask-password-wall.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch
session-3.scope loaded active running Session 3 of user rajat
abrt-ccpp.service loaded active exited Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service loaded active running ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service loaded active running ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service loaded active running ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service
alsa-state.service loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service loaded active running Job spooling tools
auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service loaded active running BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service loaded active running Bluetooth service
chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server
colord.service loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler
cups.service loaded active running CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service loaded active exited Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service loaded active exited Configure read-only root support
gdm.service loaded active running GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service loaded active running irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service loaded active exited Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress poll
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service loaded active running Modem Manager
monit.service loaded active running Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager
nfs-lock.service loaded active running NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service loaded active exited OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service loaded active running RPC bind service
rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service loaded active exited Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service loaded active exited File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service loaded active exited Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service loaded active exited Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service loaded active running Disk Manager
upower.service loaded active running Daemon for power management
user@0.service loaded active running User Manager for 0
user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for 1000
user@42.service loaded active running User Manager for 42
user@983.service loaded active running User Manager for 983
vnstat.service loaded active running VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon
-.slice loaded active active Root Slice
system-getty.slice loaded active active system-getty.slice
system.slice loaded active active System Slice
user-0.slice loaded active active user-0.slice
user-1000.slice loaded active active user-1000.slice
user-42.slice loaded active active user-42.slice
user-983.slice loaded active active user-983.slice
user.slice loaded active active User and Session Slice
avahi-daemon.socket loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket
cups.socket loaded active running CUPS Printing Service Sockets
dbus.socket loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus Socket
dm-event.socket loaded active listening Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs
iscsid.socket loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsid Socket
iscsiuio.socket loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsiuio Socket
lvm2-lvmetad.socket loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon socket
pcscd.socket loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon Activation Socket
rpcbind.socket loaded active running RPCbind Server Activation Socket
systemd-initctl.socket loaded active listening /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe
systemd-journald.socket loaded active running Journal Socket
systemd-shutdownd.socket loaded active listening Delayed Shutdown Socket
systemd-udevd-control.socket loaded active running udev Control Socket
systemd-udevd-kernel.socket loaded active running udev Kernel Socket
dev-dm\x2d1.swap loaded active active /dev/dm-1
basic.target loaded active active Basic System
bluetooth.target loaded active active Bluetooth
cryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes
getty.target loaded active active Login Prompts
graphical.target loaded active active Graphical Interface
local-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)
local-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems
multi-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System
network.target loaded active active Network
nfs.target loaded active active Network File System Server
paths.target loaded active active Paths
remote-fs.target loaded active active Remote File Systems
slices.target loaded active active Slices
sockets.target loaded active active Sockets
sound.target loaded active active Sound Card
swap.target loaded active active Swap
sysinit.target loaded active active System Initialization
timers.target loaded active active Timers
systemd-readahead-done.timer loaded active elapsed Stop Read-Ahead Data Collection 10s After Completed Startup
systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer loaded active waiting Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
164 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
2.2 Listing failed units
The failed units can be listed with --failed switch.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl --failed
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
2 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
3. Managing services
3.1 Active services
All the active services can be checked
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl list-units -t service
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
abrt-ccpp.service loaded active exited Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service loaded active running ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service loaded active running ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service loaded active running ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service
alsa-state.service loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service loaded active running Job spooling tools
auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service loaded active running BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service loaded active running Bluetooth service
chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server
colord.service loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler
cups.service loaded active running CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service loaded active exited Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service loaded active exited Configure read-only root support
gdm.service loaded active running GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service loaded active running irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service loaded active exited Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polli
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service loaded active running Modem Manager
monit.service loaded active running Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager
nfs-lock.service loaded active running NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service loaded active exited OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service loaded active running RPC bind service
rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service loaded active exited Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service loaded active exited File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7c
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-hostnamed.service loaded active running Hostname Service
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service loaded active exited Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service loaded active exited Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service loaded active running Disk Manager
upower.service loaded active running Daemon for power management
user@0.service loaded active running User Manager for 0
user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for 1000
user@42.service loaded active running User Manager for 42
user@983.service loaded active running User Manager for 983
vnstat.service loaded active running VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
69 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
3.2 Service status
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 09:57:56 IST; 1h 40min ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 685 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─685 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.3 Stopping a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl stop bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:39:24 IST; 13s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Process: 685 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 685 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Status: "Quitting"
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopping Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Terminating
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopped Bluetooth service.
3.4 Start a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl start bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:40:35 IST; 1s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 29802 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─29802 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.5 Restart a service
Similarly, restarting a service is managed using ‘systemctl restart ‘:
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl restart bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:41:25 IST; 13s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 29955 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─29955 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.6 Reload a service
#systemctl reload sshd
4. Managing services at boot
The chkconfig command was used to manage services at boot.
4.1 Enable/Disable a service at boot
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl is-enabled bluetooth.service
enabled
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl disable bluetooth.service
rm '/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service'
rm '/etc/systemd/system/bluetooth.target.wants/bluetooth.service'
5. Logging in "systemd"
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:47:36 IST. --
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Startup finished in 406ms.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopping Default.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopped target Default.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Exit the Session...
-- Reboot --
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Reached target Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Startup finished in 63ms.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopping Default.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopped target Default.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Shutdown.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6185]: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session closed for user unbound
-- Reboot --
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Starting Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Reached target Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Startup finished in 415ms.
-- Reboot --
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direc
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Starting Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Reached target Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Startup finished in 107ms.
-- Reboot --
5.1 Boot messages
[root@rajat rajat]#journalctl -b
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:49:06 IST. --
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Linux version 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 (mockbuild@bkernel01.phx2.fedoraproject.org) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140624 (Red Hat 4.8.3-1) (GC
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora_rajat/swap vconsole
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009d7ff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009d800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000001fffffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x00000000201fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020200000-0x0000000040003fff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040004000-0x0000000040004fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040005000-0x00000000ced2ffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ced30000-0x00000000dae9efff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dae9f000-0x00000000daf9efff] ACPI NVS
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000daf9f000-0x00000000daffefff] ACPI data
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dafff000-0x00000000df9fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f8000000-0x00000000fbffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed08000-0x00000000fed08fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10000-0x00000000fed19fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffc00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000021e5fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000021e600000-0x000000021e7fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: DMI: LENOVO 2429BQ2/2429BQ2, BIOS G4ET94WW (2.54 ) 05/23/2013
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x21e600 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: 00000-9FFFF write-back
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: A0000-BFFFF uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: C0000-FFFFF write-protect
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR variable ranges enabled:
5.2 Follow logs
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl -f
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST. --
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm-password][31086]: gkr-pam: unlocked login keyring
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm[736]: GdmSlave: could not fetch type of session 'c1': No such file or directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM unable to dlopen(/usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so): /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so: cannot open shared object... directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM adding faulty module: /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 CROND[31110]: (root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.minutely)
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31113]: (/etc/cron.minutely) starting openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31139]: (/etc/cron.minutely) finished openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:06 rajat.patel.fc20 ModemManager[693]: <info> Modem /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0: signal quality updated (87)
Sep 08 11:52:12 rajat.patel.fc20 fprintd[31081]: ** Message: No devices in use, exit
5.3 Service specific logs
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl /usr/sbin/NetworkManager
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:54:36 IST. --
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> NetworkManager (version 0.9.9.0-43.git20131003.fc20) is starting...
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> WEXT support is enabled
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.l2tp
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.vpnc
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openconnect
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: Acquired D-Bus service com.redhat.ifcfgrh1
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin ifcfg-rh: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc. To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin keyfile: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc. To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list.
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ssid ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'ssid'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-qogdpqneazl-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'qogdpqneazl-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Profile_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Profile 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-O_Teri ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'O Teri'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteven ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'donteven'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-epezojccijh-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'epezojccijh-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-guggle.co.in ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'guggle.co.in'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-2806 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection '2806'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Lords_Silvassa_WiFonic ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Lords Silvassa WiFonic'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet_M1218 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet M1218'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteventhingyoucanhackthis ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'donteventhingyoucanhackthis'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-AndroidAP_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'AndroidAP 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Red_Hat_Guest ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Red Hat Guest'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-chalbhag ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'chalbhag'
5.4 Power management
The systemctl command can be used to put the system down, or reboot or hibernate.
To poweroff, reboot, suspend and hibernate, use the following commands respectively:
# systemctl poweroff
# systemctl reboot
# systemctl suspend
# systemctl reboot
[root@rajat rajat]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: rajat.patel.fc20
Icon name: computer-laptop
Chassis: laptop
Machine ID: 41f6085a86774b4a9047c5a5110e1b22
Boot ID: 473ba3c20f124de18f5035a27c479662
Operating System: Fedora 20 (Heisenbug)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:20
Kernel: Linux 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64
Architecture: x86_64
PID 1 is occupied by “systemd” and can be seen from pstree command as well:
[root@rajat rajat]# pstree
systemd─┬─ModemManager───2*[{ModemManager}]
├─NetworkManager─┬─nm-vpnc-service─┬─vpnc
│ │ └─{nm-vpnc-service}
│ ├─pppd
│ └─3*[{NetworkManager}]
├─2*[abrt-watch-log]
├─abrtd
├─accounts-daemon───2*[{accounts-daemon}]
├─alsactl
├─at-spi-bus-laun─┬─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}
│ └─3*[{at-spi-bus-laun}]
├─at-spi2-registr───{at-spi2-registr}
├─atd
├─auditd─┬─audispd─┬─sedispatch
│ │ └─{audispd}
│ └─{auditd}
├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
├─bitlbee
├─bluetoothd
├─chronyd
├─colord───2*[{colord}]
├─crond
├─cupsd
├─2*[dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}]
├─dbus-launch
├─dconf-service───2*[{dconf-service}]
├─evolution-calen───4*[{evolution-calen}]
├─evolution-sourc───2*[{evolution-sourc}]
├─gconfd-2
├─gdm─┬─gdm-simple-slav─┬─Xorg
│ │ ├─gdm-session-wor─┬─gnome-session─┬─abrt-applet───{abrt-applet}
│ │ │ │ ├─deja-dup-monito───2*[{deja-dup-monito}]
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-settings-───4*[{gnome-settings-}]
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-shell─┬─chrome─┬─2*[cat]
│ │ │ │ │ │ ├─chrome─┬─chrome
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─2*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ │ ├─chrome-sandbox───chrome─┬─chrome─┬─8*[chrome───7*[{chrome}]]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─4*[chrome───8*[{chrome}]]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─chrome───13*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─chrome-sandbox───nacl_helper
│ │ │ │ │ │ └─41*[{chrome}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─gedit───3*[{gedit}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─nautilus───3*[{nautilus}]
│ │ │ │ │ ├─thunderbird───28*[{thunderbird}]
│ │ │ │ │ └─6*[{gnome-shell}]
│ │ │ │ ├─seapplet
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-miner-f───3*[{tracker-miner-f}]
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-store───7*[{tracker-store}]
│ │ │ │ └─3*[{gnome-session}]
│ │ │ └─2*[{gdm-session-wor}]
│ │ └─2*[{gdm-simple-slav}]
│ └─2*[{gdm}]
├─geoclue───2*[{geoclue}]
├─gnome-keyring-d───7*[{gnome-keyring-d}]
├─gnome-shell-cal───4*[{gnome-shell-cal}]
├─gnome-terminal-─┬─bash───weechat-curses───2*[{weechat-curses}]
│ ├─bash───su───bash───pstree
│ ├─gnome-pty-helpe
│ └─3*[{gnome-terminal-}]
├─goa-daemon───3*[{goa-daemon}]
├─gsd-printer───{gsd-printer}
├─gvfs-afc-volume───2*[{gvfs-afc-volume}]
├─gvfs-goa-volume───{gvfs-goa-volume}
├─gvfs-gphoto2-vo───{gvfs-gphoto2-vo}
├─gvfs-mtp-volume───{gvfs-mtp-volume}
├─gvfs-udisks2-vo───2*[{gvfs-udisks2-vo}]
├─gvfsd───{gvfsd}
├─gvfsd-burn───{gvfsd-burn}
├─gvfsd-fuse───4*[{gvfsd-fuse}]
├─gvfsd-metadata───{gvfsd-metadata}
├─gvfsd-trash───2*[{gvfsd-trash}]
├─ibus-daemon─┬─ibus-dconf───3*[{ibus-dconf}]
│ ├─ibus-engine-sim───2*[{ibus-engine-sim}]
│ └─2*[{ibus-daemon}]
├─ibus-x11───2*[{ibus-x11}]
├─irqbalance
├─lvmetad
├─mcelog
├─mission-control───2*[{mission-control}]
├─monit───{monit}
├─obexd
├─packagekitd───2*[{packagekitd}]
├─pcscd───2*[{pcscd}]
├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}]
├─pulseaudio───2*[{pulseaudio}]
├─rngd
├─rpc.statd
├─rpcbind
├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}]
├─rtkit-daemon───2*[{rtkit-daemon}]
├─smartd
├─4*[systemd───(sd-pam)]
├─systemd-journal
├─systemd-logind
├─systemd-udevd
├─udisksd───4*[{udisksd}]
├─upowerd───2*[{upowerd}]
├─vnstatd
└─wpa_supplicant
1. Faster startup
The sysvinit starts the processes serially, one at a time. Systemd starts services in parallel and starts only those services which are actually required, reducing the boot time significantly. The command systemd-analyze time also shows the same information.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 1.646s (kernel) + 2.661s (initrd) + 25.804s (userspace) = 30.113s
The blame option to systemd-analyze command can provide you with that, ordered by the time taken to initialize.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemd-analyze blame
9.931s openshift-tc.service
4.279s NetworkManager.service
1.712s proc-fs-nfsd.mount
1.693s accounts-daemon.service
1.638s lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service
1.635s var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount
1.475s rsyslog.service
1.458s lvm2-monitor.service
1.240s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0dc7dcae\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service
1.193s plymouth-start.service
1.028s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
969ms user@0.service
962ms home.mount
930ms user@983.service
826ms colord.service
813ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
797ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
797ms dev-mqueue.mount
796ms dev-hugepages.mount
755ms tmp.mount
752ms systemd-fsck-root.service
742ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
609ms dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dswap.swap
580ms systemd-sysctl.service
539ms systemd-remount-fs.service
521ms user@42.service
485ms sysstat.service
397ms systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service
287ms kmod-static-nodes.service
285ms fedora-import-state.service
253ms plymouth-read-write.service
240ms boot.mount
224ms openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service
216ms bluetooth.service
216ms fedora-readonly.service
204ms rtkit-daemon.service
198ms ModemManager.service
188ms systemd-readahead-replay.service
184ms nfs-lock.service
162ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
160ms systemd-random-seed.service
156ms rc-local.service
131ms chronyd.service
128ms avahi-daemon.service
119ms systemd-logind.service
112ms systemd-user-sessions.service
108ms mcelog.service
102ms systemd-readahead-collect.service
95ms gdm.service
82ms user@1000.service
75ms systemd-vconsole-setup.service
48ms upower.service
41ms udisks2.service
35ms packagekit.service
31ms rpcbind.service
28ms abrt-ccpp.service
15ms systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service
15ms systemd-udevd.service
11ms lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service
11ms polkit.service
11ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
10ms wpa_supplicant.service
8ms systemd-readahead-done.service
7ms systemd-journal-flush.service
7ms auditd.service
5ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
5ms systemd-update-utmp.service
3ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
2ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
1ms sys-kernel-config.mount
2. The systemctl command
The systemctl command is the most talked command that comes with systemd. You can manage a whole lot of your system with this command.
2.1 List Units
systemctl command without any option lists all the running units.
#systemctl list-units or systemctl
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount loaded active waiting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:02.0-backlight-acpi_video0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/backlight/acpi_video0
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...card0-card0\x2dLVDS\x2d1-intel_backlight.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0/card0-LVDS-1/intel_backligh
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:16.3-tty-ttyS0.device loaded active plugged 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family KT Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:19.0-net-em1.device loaded active plugged 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.0-ttyUSB0-tty-ttyUSB0.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.1-ttyUSB1-tty-ttyUSB1.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...\x2d1.2-1\x2d1.2:1.2-ttyUSB2-tty-ttyUSB2.device loaded active plugged ZTE_WCDMA_Technologies_MSM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:0-block-sr1.device loaded active plugged USB_SCSI_CD-ROM
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb-sdb1.device loaded active plugged MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...:1.3-host7-target7:0:0-7:0:0:1-block-sdb.device loaded active plugged MMC_Storage
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...2d1-1\x2d1.4-1\x2d1.4:1.0-bluetooth-hci0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.4/1-1.4:1.0/bluetooth/hc
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1b.0-sound-card0.device loaded active plugged 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1c.1-0000:03:00.0-net-wlp3s0.device loaded active plugged Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda1.device loaded active plugged HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda2.device loaded active plugged LVM PV fZ6boN-bWsF-iFqv-JHFJ-Ws5g-XoIv-7Mk7Ke on /dev/sda2
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda.device loaded active plugged HGST_HTS725050A7E630
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0...ata2-host1-target1:0:0-1:0:0:0-block-sr0.device loaded active plugged HL-DT-ST_DVDRAM_GT80N
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS1
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS2
sys-devices-platform-serial8250-tty-ttyS3.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/serial8250/tty/ttyS3
sys-devices-platform-thinkpad_acpi-sound-card29.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/sound/card29
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-0
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d1.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-1
sys-devices-virtual-block-dm\x2d2.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/block/dm-2
sys-devices-virtual-block-loop0.device loaded active plugged LVM PV hoCHOb-3sy4-vTFG-cbZD-5nxh-FwVJ-pSY92M on /dev/loop0
sys-devices-virtual-net-ppp0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp0
sys-devices-virtual-net-tun0.device loaded active plugged /sys/devices/virtual/net/tun0
sys-module-configfs.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/configfs
sys-module-fuse.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/fuse
sys-subsystem-bluetooth-devices-hci0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/bluetooth/devices/hci0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-em1.device loaded active plugged 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection
sys-subsystem-net-devices-ppp0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/net/devices/ppp0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-tun0.device loaded active plugged /sys/subsystem/net/devices/tun0
sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlp3s0.device loaded active plugged Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 (3x3 AGN)
-.mount loaded active mounted /
boot.mount loaded active mounted /boot
dev-hugepages.mount loaded active mounted Huge Pages File System
dev-mqueue.mount loaded active mounted POSIX Message Queue File System
home.mount loaded active mounted /home
proc-fs-nfsd.mount loaded active mounted RPC Pipe File System
run-media-rajat-New\x20Volume.mount loaded active mounted /run/media/rajat/New Volume
run-media-rajat-Vodafone\x20K3800.mount loaded active mounted /run/media/rajat/Vodafone K3800
run-user-1000-gvfs.mount loaded active mounted /run/user/1000/gvfs
sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount loaded active mounted FUSE Control File System
sys-kernel-config.mount loaded active mounted Configuration File System
sys-kernel-debug.mount loaded active mounted Debug File System
tmp.mount loaded active mounted Temporary Directory
var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount loaded active mounted RPC Pipe File System
cups.path loaded active running CUPS Printer Service Spool
systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch
systemd-ask-password-wall.path loaded active waiting Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch
session-3.scope loaded active running Session 3 of user rajat
abrt-ccpp.service loaded active exited Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service loaded active running ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service loaded active running ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service loaded active running ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service
alsa-state.service loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service loaded active running Job spooling tools
auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service loaded active running BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service loaded active running Bluetooth service
chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server
colord.service loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler
cups.service loaded active running CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service loaded active exited Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service loaded active exited Configure read-only root support
gdm.service loaded active running GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service loaded active running irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service loaded active exited Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress poll
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service loaded active running Modem Manager
monit.service loaded active running Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager
nfs-lock.service loaded active running NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service loaded active exited OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service loaded active running RPC bind service
rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service loaded active exited Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service loaded active exited File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service loaded active exited Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service loaded active exited Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service loaded active running Disk Manager
upower.service loaded active running Daemon for power management
user@0.service loaded active running User Manager for 0
user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for 1000
user@42.service loaded active running User Manager for 42
user@983.service loaded active running User Manager for 983
vnstat.service loaded active running VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon
-.slice loaded active active Root Slice
system-getty.slice loaded active active system-getty.slice
system.slice loaded active active System Slice
user-0.slice loaded active active user-0.slice
user-1000.slice loaded active active user-1000.slice
user-42.slice loaded active active user-42.slice
user-983.slice loaded active active user-983.slice
user.slice loaded active active User and Session Slice
avahi-daemon.socket loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket
cups.socket loaded active running CUPS Printing Service Sockets
dbus.socket loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus Socket
dm-event.socket loaded active listening Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs
iscsid.socket loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsid Socket
iscsiuio.socket loaded active listening Open-iSCSI iscsiuio Socket
lvm2-lvmetad.socket loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon socket
pcscd.socket loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon Activation Socket
rpcbind.socket loaded active running RPCbind Server Activation Socket
systemd-initctl.socket loaded active listening /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe
systemd-journald.socket loaded active running Journal Socket
systemd-shutdownd.socket loaded active listening Delayed Shutdown Socket
systemd-udevd-control.socket loaded active running udev Control Socket
systemd-udevd-kernel.socket loaded active running udev Kernel Socket
dev-dm\x2d1.swap loaded active active /dev/dm-1
basic.target loaded active active Basic System
bluetooth.target loaded active active Bluetooth
cryptsetup.target loaded active active Encrypted Volumes
getty.target loaded active active Login Prompts
graphical.target loaded active active Graphical Interface
local-fs-pre.target loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)
local-fs.target loaded active active Local File Systems
multi-user.target loaded active active Multi-User System
network.target loaded active active Network
nfs.target loaded active active Network File System Server
paths.target loaded active active Paths
remote-fs.target loaded active active Remote File Systems
slices.target loaded active active Slices
sockets.target loaded active active Sockets
sound.target loaded active active Sound Card
swap.target loaded active active Swap
sysinit.target loaded active active System Initialization
timers.target loaded active active Timers
systemd-readahead-done.timer loaded active elapsed Stop Read-Ahead Data Collection 10s After Completed Startup
systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer loaded active waiting Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
164 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
2.2 Listing failed units
The failed units can be listed with --failed switch.
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl --failed
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
2 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
3. Managing services
3.1 Active services
All the active services can be checked
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl list-units -t service
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
abrt-ccpp.service loaded active exited Install ABRT coredump hook
abrt-oops.service loaded active running ABRT kernel log watcher
abrt-xorg.service loaded active running ABRT Xorg log watcher
abrtd.service loaded active running ABRT Automated Bug Reporting Tool
accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service
alsa-state.service loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)
atd.service loaded active running Job spooling tools
auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service
avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
bitlbee.service loaded active running BitlBee IRC/IM gateway
bluetooth.service loaded active running Bluetooth service
chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server
colord.service loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles
crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler
cups.service loaded active running CUPS Printing Service
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
fedora-import-state.service loaded active exited Import network configuration from initramfs
fedora-readonly.service loaded active exited Configure read-only root support
gdm.service loaded active running GNOME Display Manager
irqbalance.service loaded active running irqbalance daemon
kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel
lvm2-lvmetad.service loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
lvm2-monitor.service loaded active exited Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polli
lvm2-pvscan@7:0.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 7:0
lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service loaded active exited LVM2 PV scan on device 8:2
mcelog.service loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon
ModemManager.service loaded active running Modem Manager
monit.service loaded active running Pro-active monitoring utility for unix systems
NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager
nfs-lock.service loaded active running NFS file locking service.
openshift-iptables-port-proxy.service loaded active exited OpenShift IPTables Port Proxy
openshift-tc.service loaded failed failed OpenShift Traffic Control
pcscd.service loaded active running PC/SC Smart Card Daemon
polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager
rc-local.service loaded failed failed /etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rpcbind.service loaded active running RPC bind service
rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service
rtkit-daemon.service loaded active running RealtimeKit Scheduling Policy Service
smartd.service loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sysstat.service loaded active exited Resets System Activity Logs
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:intel_backlight
systemd-fsck-root.service loaded active exited File System Check on Root Device
systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...\x2d7fd8\x2d4d80\x2dad47\x2d6bc66f6e4c7c.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0dc7dcae-7fd8-4d80-ad47-6bc66f6e4c7c
systemd-fsck@dev-mapper-fedora_rajat\x2dhome.service loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-home
systemd-hostnamed.service loaded active running Hostname Service
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-readahead-collect.service loaded active exited Collect Read-Ahead Data
systemd-readahead-replay.service loaded active exited Replay Read-Ahead Data
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Reboot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
udisks2.service loaded active running Disk Manager
upower.service loaded active running Daemon for power management
user@0.service loaded active running User Manager for 0
user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for 1000
user@42.service loaded active running User Manager for 42
user@983.service loaded active running User Manager for 983
vnstat.service loaded active running VnStat - Lightweight Network Traffic Monitor
wpa_supplicant.service loaded active running WPA Supplicant daemon
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
69 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
3.2 Service status
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 09:57:56 IST; 1h 40min ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 685 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─685 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.3 Stopping a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl stop bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:39:24 IST; 13s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Process: 685 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 685 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Status: "Quitting"
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 09:57:56 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 09:57:57 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 09:58:22 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopping Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Terminating
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[685]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
Sep 08 11:39:24 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Stopped Bluetooth service.
3.4 Start a service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl start bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:40:35 IST; 1s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 29802 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─29802 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:40:35 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29802]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.5 Restart a service
Similarly, restarting a service is managed using ‘systemctl restart ‘:
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl restart bluetooth.service
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl status bluetooth.service
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-09-08 11:41:25 IST; 13s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 29955 (bluetoothd)
Status: "Running"
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─29955 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth daemon 5.18
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Starting SDP server
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Bluetooth management interface 1.5 initialized
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
Sep 08 11:41:25 rajat.patel.fc20 bluetoothd[29955]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.51 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
3.6 Reload a service
#systemctl reload sshd
4. Managing services at boot
The chkconfig command was used to manage services at boot.
4.1 Enable/Disable a service at boot
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl is-enabled bluetooth.service
enabled
[root@rajat rajat]# systemctl disable bluetooth.service
rm '/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service'
rm '/etc/systemd/system/bluetooth.target.wants/bluetooth.service'
5. Logging in "systemd"
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:47:36 IST. --
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Default.
Mar 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Startup finished in 406ms.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopping Default.
Mar 01 08:21:19 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Stopped target Default.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Reached target Shutdown.
Mar 01 08:21:20 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[7536]: Starting Exit the Session...
-- Reboot --
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Reached target Default.
May 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Startup finished in 63ms.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopping Default.
May 01 03:16:39 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Stopped target Default.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6183]: Starting Shutdown.
May 01 03:16:40 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[6185]: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session closed for user unbound
-- Reboot --
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direct
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Starting Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Reached target Default.
Jun 01 03:10:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[5306]: Startup finished in 415ms.
-- Reboot --
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Failed to open private bus connection: Failed to connect to socket /run/user/996/dbus/user_bus_socket: No such file or direc
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Starting Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Reached target Default.
Jul 01 03:10:02 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[26153]: Startup finished in 107ms.
-- Reboot --
5.1 Boot messages
[root@rajat rajat]#journalctl -b
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:49:06 IST. --
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd-journal[128]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 384.3M, trying to leave 576.4M free of 3.7G available → current limit 384.3
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Linux version 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 (mockbuild@bkernel01.phx2.fedoraproject.org) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140624 (Red Hat 4.8.3-1) (GC
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora_rajat-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora_rajat/swap vconsole
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009d7ff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009d800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000001fffffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x00000000201fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020200000-0x0000000040003fff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040004000-0x0000000040004fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040005000-0x00000000ced2ffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ced30000-0x00000000dae9efff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dae9f000-0x00000000daf9efff] ACPI NVS
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000daf9f000-0x00000000daffefff] ACPI data
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dafff000-0x00000000df9fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f8000000-0x00000000fbffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed08000-0x00000000fed08fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10000-0x00000000fed19fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffc00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000021e5fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000021e600000-0x000000021e7fffff] reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: DMI: LENOVO 2429BQ2/2429BQ2, BIOS G4ET94WW (2.54 ) 05/23/2013
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x21e600 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: 00000-9FFFF write-back
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: A0000-BFFFF uncachable
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: C0000-FFFFF write-protect
Sep 08 09:57:42 rajat.patel.fc20 kernel: MTRR variable ranges enabled:
5.2 Follow logs
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl -f
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST. --
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm-password][31086]: gkr-pam: unlocked login keyring
Sep 08 11:51:45 rajat.patel.fc20 gdm[736]: GdmSlave: could not fetch type of session 'c1': No such file or directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM unable to dlopen(/usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so): /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so: cannot open shared object... directory
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 crond[31108]: PAM adding faulty module: /usr/lib64/security/pam_ldap.so
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Starting Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 systemd[1]: Started Session 149 of user root.
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 CROND[31110]: (root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.minutely)
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31113]: (/etc/cron.minutely) starting openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:01 rajat.patel.fc20 run-parts[31139]: (/etc/cron.minutely) finished openshift-origin-cron-minutely
Sep 08 11:52:06 rajat.patel.fc20 ModemManager[693]: <info> Modem /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0: signal quality updated (87)
Sep 08 11:52:12 rajat.patel.fc20 fprintd[31081]: ** Message: No devices in use, exit
5.3 Service specific logs
[root@rajat rajat]# journalctl /usr/sbin/NetworkManager
-- Logs begin at Sat 2014-03-01 03:10:01 IST, end at Mon 2014-09-08 11:54:36 IST. --
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> NetworkManager (version 0.9.9.0-43.git20131003.fc20) is starting...
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> WEXT support is enabled
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.l2tp
Sep 07 17:27:34 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.vpnc
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openconnect
Sep 07 17:27:35 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: Acquired D-Bus service com.redhat.ifcfgrh1
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin ifcfg-rh: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc. To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: <info> Loaded plugin keyfile: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc. To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list.
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ssid ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'ssid'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-qogdpqneazl-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'qogdpqneazl-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Profile_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Profile 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-O_Teri ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'O Teri'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteven ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'donteven'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-epezojccijh-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'epezojccijh-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-guggle.co.in ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'guggle.co.in'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-2806 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection '2806'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Lords_Silvassa_WiFonic ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Lords Silvassa WiFonic'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet_M1218 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'HP-HOTSPOT-33-LaserJet M1218'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-donteventhingyoucanhackthis ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'donteventhingyoucanhackthis'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'uxfmhmjbvwo-a2adp'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-AndroidAP_1 ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'AndroidAP 1'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Red_Hat_Guest ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'Red Hat Guest'
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-chalbhag ...
Sep 07 17:27:36 rajat.patel.fc20 NetworkManager[707]: ifcfg-rh: read connection 'chalbhag'
5.4 Power management
The systemctl command can be used to put the system down, or reboot or hibernate.
To poweroff, reboot, suspend and hibernate, use the following commands respectively:
# systemctl poweroff
# systemctl reboot
# systemctl suspend
# systemctl reboot
[root@rajat rajat]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: rajat.patel.fc20
Icon name: computer-laptop
Chassis: laptop
Machine ID: 41f6085a86774b4a9047c5a5110e1b22
Boot ID: 473ba3c20f124de18f5035a27c479662
Operating System: Fedora 20 (Heisenbug)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:20
Kernel: Linux 3.15.10-201.fc20.x86_64
Architecture: x86_64
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