How to track down a high server load RedHat/CentOS/Fedora/SuSe

Line 1 - General server information - Current time, uptime (since last restart of server), number of users logged on (other than yourself), and the load average for the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes
Line 2 - Tasks - Number of processes, number of actively running processes, sleeping process, stopped process, and zombie processes
Line 3 - CPU usage info (User, System, Nice, Idle, Waiting, Hardware Interrupts, Software Interrupts).  Just worry about Idle, user, system, and waiting.
Line 4 - Memory usage
Line 5 - Swap usage (used should be almost 0 if not 0)
Table header for process list (Process ID, User, Priority, Nice, Virtual Memory, Resident Size, Shared Size, , State, CPU, Memory, CPU Time used, Command)
The processes themselves



login as: root
Access denied
root@192.168.200.102's password:
Last login: Tue Jul  3 02:47:21 2012 from 192.168.200.1

[root@openstack ~]# top -b -i -n 20 >> ./server-load

[root@openstack ~]# cat server-load
top - 00:55:00 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.84, 1.09, 0.49
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  7.5%us, 20.0%sy,  0.0%ni, 58.7%id,  7.0%wa,  6.1%hi,  0.7%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23112k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203320k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2908 1020  796 R  3.7  0.1   0:00.06 top


top - 00:55:03 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.84, 1.09, 0.49
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  1.0%us,  8.9%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.8%id,  0.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23112k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203336k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.08 top


top - 00:55:06 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.85, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  8.7%sy,  0.0%ni, 84.7%id,  3.3%wa,  2.7%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23120k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203328k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.10 top


top - 00:55:09 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.85, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  9.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.0%id,  0.0%wa,  3.3%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23120k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203336k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.12 top


top - 00:55:12 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.79, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  2.3%us,  9.9%sy,  0.0%ni, 80.9%id,  3.3%wa,  3.3%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23128k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203328k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  1.0  0.1   0:00.15 top


top - 00:55:15 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.72, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  9.3%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.0%id,  0.0%wa,  3.7%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23128k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203336k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.17 top


top - 00:55:18 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.72, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  9.0%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.0%id,  1.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23136k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203336k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.19 top


top - 00:55:21 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.66, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  1.0%us,  8.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 87.1%id,  0.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23136k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203344k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  1.0  0.1   0:00.22 top


top - 00:55:24 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.66, 1.10, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  9.3%sy,  0.0%ni, 85.7%id,  1.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23144k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203348k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.24 top


top - 00:55:27 up 4 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.61, 1.10, 0.51
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  8.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 87.5%id,  0.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23144k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203348k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.26 top


top - 00:55:30 up 5 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.48, 1.08, 0.50
Tasks: 124 total,   1 running, 123 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  1.0%us,  8.9%sy,  0.0%ni, 85.5%id,  1.7%wa,  2.6%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488776k used,   539192k free,    23152k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203348k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  1.0  0.1   0:00.29 top


top - 00:55:33 up 5 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.48, 1.08, 0.50
Tasks: 119 total,   1 running, 118 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.3%us,  9.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.8%id,  0.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488744k used,   539224k free,    23152k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203348k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.31 top


top - 00:55:36 up 5 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.44, 1.08, 0.51
Tasks: 120 total,   1 running, 119 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  8.7%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.0%id,  1.7%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488744k used,   539224k free,    23160k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203340k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  0.7  0.1   0:00.33 top


top - 00:55:40 up 5 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.44, 1.08, 0.51
Tasks: 120 total,   1 running, 119 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  9.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 86.5%id,  0.0%wa,  3.0%hi,  0.3%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   1027968k total,   488744k used,   539224k free,    23160k buffers
Swap:  2064380k total,        0k used,  2064380k free,   203348k cached

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
 1337 root      20   0  2884 1040  812 R  1.0  0.1   0:00.36 top

[root@openstack ~]#

Run you OWNCLOUD on CentOS/REDHAT/FEDORA

1. Install the following packages:    yum -y install httpd php php-mysql php-mbstring php-devel mysql mysql-server zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel phpmyadmin 
2. Download ownCloud3 sources from here
3. Extract and copy the resultant owncloud/ directory to /var/www/html
4. ‘cd’ to /var/www/html and set appropriate permission to owncloud directory so that apache can read/write from/to it: $sudo  chown -R apache:apache owncloud/
5. Start Apache server: $ sudo service httpd start
6. Start MySQL server: $ sudo service mysql start and change the root password using $mysqladmin -u root password PASSWORD
7. Create a MySQL database that you want ownCloud to use by going to: http://localhost/phpmyadmin
8. Start ownCloud: http://localhost/owncloud and setup other users or simply start using for storing files
9. Use PageKite to make your cloud publicly accessible as detailed here

Bandwidth limitation using "TC Command" RedHat /CentOS/Fedora/Ubuntu/SuSe

Use "tc" command.

# tc qdisc add dev eth0 root tbf limit 15Kb buffer 10Kb/8 rate 10Kbps

Check the configuration.

# tc -s qdisc
qdisc tbf 8001: dev eth0 root refcnt 2 rate 80000bit burst 10Kb lat 512.0ms
 Sent 994 bytes 14 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
 rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: dev eth1 root refcnt 2 bands 3 priomap  1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Sent 10861 bytes 156 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
 rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: dev eth2 root refcnt 2 bands 3 priomap  1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Sent 15932 bytes 100 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
 rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0
qdisc pfifo_fast 0: dev eth3 root refcnt 2 bands 3 priomap  1 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Sent 1836 bytes 10 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
 rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0



If you want to delete the configuration, execute the following command.

# tc qdisc del dev eth0 root

Using dump/restore command do the backup and restore whole CentOS/RedHat/Fedore/SUSE/Ubuntu.

Using dump/restore command do the backup and restore whole CentOS/RedHat/Fedore/SUSE/Ubuntu.

http://dump.sourceforge.net/isdumpdeprecated.html

# cat /etc/fstab
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot1            /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
LABEL=/data             /data                   ext3    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda5         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0


# fdisk -l
   Device Boot    Start      End    Blocks      Id  System
/dev/sda1 *           1       13    104391      83  Linux
/dev/sda2            14      1925   15358140    83  Linux
/dev/sda3          1926      3200   10241437+   83  Linux
/dev/sda4          3201      4864   13366080    5   Extended
/dev/sda5          3201      3391   1534176     82  Linux swap / Solaris


# dump -0uf - /dev/sda1 | ssh root@192.168.0.14 dd of=/tmp/sda1.dump
# dump -0uf - /dev/sda2 | ssh root@192.168.0.14 dd of=/tmp/sda2.dump
# dump -0uf - /dev/sda3 | ssh root@192.168.0.14 dd of=/tmp/sda3.dump
# dump -0uf - /dev/sda4 | ssh root@192.168.0.14 dd of=/tmp/sda4.dump
# dump -0uf - /dev/sda5 | ssh root@192.168.0.14 dd of=/tmp/sda5.dump

Restore the data

# restore -rf /sda1.dump
# restore -rf /sda2.dump
# restore -rf /sda3.dump
# restore -rf /sda4.dump
# restore -rf /sda5.dump

Live CD/rescue mode first and use fdisk to create partitions and give ip address

Create a partitions on new disk

Fdisk /dev/sda

format sda1/sda2/sda3/sda5 by using the mkfs command
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda1
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda2
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda4
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda5

Re-label all the partitions
# e2label /dev/sda1 /boot1
# e2label /dev/sda2 /
# e2label /dev/sda3 /data
# mkswap -L SWAP-sda5 /dev/sda5

login into 192.168.0.187, and restore sda1 from a remote 192.168.0.14 sda1.dump

# ssh 192.168.0.187 "cd /mnt/sda1 && RSH=/usr/bin/ssh restore -r -f 192.168.0.14:/tmp/sda1.dump"

Please run grub-install in rescue mode first. Install grub on /dev/sda1*